With a profile of only 142.5 mm and an installation time of 82 min/m², the WM111C.1 system is a straightforward solution for buildings with no remarkably challenging requirements for sound and thermal insulation and for regions with low seasonal differences in temperature and humidity. It consists of a single metal stud frame planked with AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Outdoor on the outside and with a double layer of gypsum boards on the inside. For rooms with special priorities such as water resistance, acoustic control or fire resistance, those interior boards can easily be replaced by high-performance boards from Knauf’s versatile range of wall linings.

WM111C_1_web_72dpi
WM111C_1_Aufbau_web_72dpi
    1. UW-stud (min. corrosion protection C3)
    2. Steel angles (to be provided on site)
    3. CW-stud (min. corrosion protection C3)
    4. AQUAPANEL® Water Barrier
    5. AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Outdoor
    6. AQUAPANEL® Joint Tape (10 cm)
    7. AQUAPANEL® Joint Filler – grey
    8. AQUAPANEL® Reinforcing Mesh
    9. AQUAPANEL® Exterior Basecoat – white
    10. AQUAPANEL® Basecoat Primer
    11. Render finish (e.g. AQUAPANEL® Exterior Mineral Finish – white)
    12. Insulation board (thickness: 100 mm) according to local needs
    13. Gypsum board: Knauf Wallboard impregnated 12.5 mm (GKBI/H2)1 or similar
    14. Vapour barrier: Knauf Insulation LDS 10 silk or similar
    15. Gypsum board: Knauf Wallboard impregnated 12.5 mm (GKBI/H2)1 or similar

    1acc. to DIN 18180 and EN 520

    Economic_advantages_WM111C

    Building perimeter: 135 m
    Floor height: 5.5 m
    Exterior wall surface per floor: 742.5 m²
    Number of floors: 1    
    Wall opening share: 50%
    Opening surface: 371.25 m²
    Net exterior wall surface: 371.25 m²

     

    Only a part of the building is shown.

    Cost_Influencing_Factors_WM111_1_Diagramm1

    Based on a specific intended use and location of a building, the dead weight is the most important factor of the total loads, which can be influenced by planning. Basically, lower loads enable a leaner structure and thus significant cost savings.

    The calculation of explicit cost saving amounts for load-bearing walls and ceilings as well as foundations achieved by the weight reduction when using Knauf Exterior Wall is generically not possible, since this is always to be calculated project specifically on the basis of floor plan geometries, spans and the load-bearing capacity of the building ground.

    Cost_Influencing_Factors_WM111_1_Diagramm2

    With a longer production time, considerable costs for personnel employment are involved. Additionally, a longer building process means a longer supply of building site facilities, where costs should be minimised. The efficient construction of Knauf Exterior Wall as well as the shorter drying times and the significantly lower weather dependency compared to massive constructions offer a considerable cost reduction potential and entails much less risk in the planning of the construction process.

    *Figures are based on a study by Prof. Dr. Bert Bielefeld of the University of Siegen, Germany. 
    All measurements use comparable U-values.
    ***The time saved due to the immediate window installation is taken into account.

    Revenue_Influencing_Factors_WM111C_1_Diagramm1
    Revenue_Influencing_Factors_WM111C_1_Diagramm2

    By using Knauf Exterior Wall more space can be realised inside the building with a comparable thermal insulation value. Consequently, rentable space and resulting rental income are larger. For landlords and investors, the best possible use of the land area plays an important role. By using Knauf Exterior Wall, this area efficiency and land utilisation are significantly improved.

    *Figures are based on a study by Prof. Dr. Bert Bielefeld of the University of Siegen, Germany.  All measurements use comparable U-values.
    **Rental income based (in €/m² per month): €10.00   
     

    Preliminary_Design_WM111_1_Tabelle

    The span table is used to show how the substructure needs to be dimensioned as a function of wind loads [kN/m²] according to national standards and the span widths of the profiles, which are determined (usually synonymous with floor height).

    The substructure shown in the table comprises only the CW-stud 150/50/06. The fixing to the load-bearing structure is not considered. It is assumed that the profile is planked with a suitable board both sides (AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Outdoor on the exteriors and a gypsum based board on the interiors). An angle fixing of the profile to connect to the load-bearing structure is recommended in any case.

    Please note: the table provides an indication for preliminary design purposes only. This must be subsequently verified by an object-related structural calculation, following the relevant local norms and guidelines. The choice of anchors and further fixing materials (e.g. angle fixing) to transfer the loads into the primary structure should only be made on the basis of this project-specific structural design.

    Further profile solutions can be demonstrated by a simple proof of the fitness for use shown by a deformation limit of max. f = l/300.

    Feature Value
    Heat transition coefficient* Uw=U0+Uwb,
    Profile (undisturbed wall, metal profiles are taken into account)     		0.486 W/m²K
    Thermal bridge heat transfer at slab edge
    (linear thermal transmittance) Psi-value/Ψ-value     		0.437 W/mK
    Sound reduction index Rw* 54 dB**
    Fire performance EI30 (i↔o)

    *Valid for a stud spacing of 600 mm and exterior profiles’ web height of 100 mm
    **Calculated with INSUL (v9.0.1)

    Temperature_Fields_Isotherms_WM111C_1

    *Valid for a stud spacing of 600 mm and exterior profiles’ web height of 100 mm

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    With the addition of an extra 80 mm thick layer of insulation to the system WM111C.2 by attaching an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) with an adhesive mortar directly on the AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Outdoor, an excellent thermal performance of 0.211 W/(m²K) can be achieved. Various desired U-values can be met by changing the thickness of the insulation. These mineral wool insulation panels are non-combustible, and as such comply with the highest levels of fire protection, guarantee an optimum room climate and additional sound insulation. Even additional fastenings with anchors may be waived depending on wind loads.

    WM111C_2_web_72dpi
    WM111C_2_Aufbau_web_72dpi
    1. Knauf Exterior Wall Steel Angle 70x135/100 (min. corrosion protection C3)
    2. Knauf Exterior Wall Facade Profile 150 (min. corrosion protection C3)
    3. AQUAPANEL® Water Barrier
    4. AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Outdoor
    5. AQUAPANEL® Joint Tape (10 cm)
    6. AQUAPANEL® Joint Filler – grey
    7. Adhesive mortar (e.g. Klebemörtel Pastol Dry)
    8. Thermal Insulation (e.g. MW Volamit 040, 80 mm)
    9. Reinforcing mesh (e.g. Armiergewebe 4x4)
    10. Reinforcing mortar (e.g. SM700 Pro)
    11. Render finish (e.g. SM700 Pro)
    12. Insulation board (thickness: 150 mm) according to local needs
    13. Gypsum board: Knauf Diamant 12.5 mm (GKFI/DFH2IR)1 or similar
    14. Vapour barrier: Knauf Insulation LDS 10 silk or similar
    15. Gypsum board: Knauf Diamant 12.5 mm (GKFI/DFH2IR)1 or similar

    1acc. to DIN 18180 and EN 520

    Economic_advantages_WM111C

    Building perimeter: 88.1 m
    Floor height: 3.5 m
    Exterior wall surface per floor: 308.35 m²
    Number of floors: 3    
    Wall opening share: 33%
    Opening surface: 305.26 m²
    Net exterior wall surface: 619.78 m²

    Cost_Influencing_Factors_WM111_2_Diagramm1

    Based on a specific intended use and location of a building, the dead weight is the most important factor of the total loads, which can be influenced by planning. Basically, lower loads enable a leaner structure and thus significant cost savings.

    The calculation of explicit cost saving amounts for load-bearing walls and ceilings as well as foundations achieved by the weight reduction when using Knauf Exterior Wall is generically not possible, since this is always to be calculated project specifically on the basis of floor plan geometries, spans and the load-bearing capacity of the building ground.

    Cost_Influencing_Factors_WM111_2_Diagramm2

    With a longer production time, considerable costs for personnel employment are involved. Additionally, a longer building process means a longer supply of building site facilities, where costs should be minimised. The efficient construction of Knauf Exterior Wall as well as the shorter drying times and the significantly lower weather dependency compared to massive constructions offer a considerable cost reduction potential and entails much less risk in the planning of the construction process.

    *Figures are based on a study by Prof. Dr. Bert Bielefeld of the University of Siegen, Germany. 
    All measurements use comparable U-values.
    ***If windows in the sand lime brick wall are not installed in the insulation layer, erection time savings increase to 50 days or 47%.

    Revenue_Influencing_Factors_WM111C_2_Diagramm1
    Revenue_Influencing_Factors_WM111C_2_Diagramm2

    By using Knauf Exterior Wall more space can be realised inside the building with a comparable thermal insulation value. Consequently, rentable space and resulting rental income are larger. For landlords and investors, the best possible use of the land area plays an important role. By using Knauf Exterior Wall, this area efficiency and land utilisation are significantly improved.

    *Figures are based on a study by Prof. Dr. Bert Bielefeld of the University of Siegen, Germany.  All measurements use comparable U-values.
    **Rental income based (in €/m² per month): €10.00   
     

    Preliminary_Design_WM111_2_Tabelle

    The span table is used to show how the substructure needs to be dimensioned as a function of wind loads [kN/m²] according to national standards and the span widths of the profiles, which are determined (usually synonymous with floor height).

    The substructure shown in the table comprises a combination of the KEW profile 150, fixed to the KEW steel angle 70x135/100 with a KEW screw.

    Please note: the table provides an indication for preliminary design purposes only. This must be subsequently verified by an object-related structural calculation, following the relevant local norms and guidelines. The choice of anchors to transfer the loads into the primary structure should only be made on the basis of this project-specific structural design.

    Feature Value
    Heat transition coefficient* Uw=U0+Uwb,
    Profile (undisturbed wall, metal profiles are taken into account)     		0.211 W/m²K
    Thermal bridge heat transfer at slab edge
    (linear thermal transmittance) Psi-value/Ψ-value     		0.028 W/mK
    Sound reduction index Rw* 56 dB**
    Fire performance EI30 (i↔o)

    *Valid for a stud spacing of 600 mm
    **Calculated with INSUL (v9.0.1)

    Temperature_Fields_Isotherms_WM111C_2

    *Valid for a stud spacing of 600 mm

    Note: Please consult the local partner organisation of Knauf Aquapanel for more information on country-specific building requirements and legislation. Technical advice on this website is based on standard criteria.